Juliette Collin

1991, France

How did you get involved with typeface design? What led you to this practice?
After finishing my studies in Paris, I trained with Jean François Porchez, in order to concentrate mainly on typography and its applications. He taught me a very academic approach to type design and that was a real point of departure for me. Afterwards I decided to pursue my studies at the ECAL where I graduated in June 2017. While there I was lucky enough to be guided by renowned masters, such as François Rappo who taught me a lot and who helped me to have a keener eye, along with Kai Bernau and Matthieu Cortat.

What influences you? Are there typeface designers whose work you appreciate in particular?
All of the different professionals whom I met during my time studying in Lausanne were a source of inspiration at one time or another. Whether in the fields of photography, graphic design, or more specifically typography. The ECAL is in effect a highly enriching context where different disciplines intersect and overlap. We are very lucky to receive advice and guidance from people who are passionate about the work, coming from very different backgrounds, who nourish our thinking and help us to develop our practice. In general, I would say that I have a strong interest in type designers who are also graphic designers, like Christian Schwartz, Laurenz Brunner and Radim Pesko.

In your opinion, what is the point of creating a new typeface when so many already exist?
Typography is first and foremost a tool, with functionality and ergonomy being its two central pillars. Creating new typefaces allows new needs to be met, and allows us to provide our graphic design with a new identity. I don’t think that there is really any limit. I would even go so far as to say that it is important to develop one’s visual environment in line with one’s epoch. By renewing existing forms, one also renews the visual experience that reading can provide. Often, graphic designers know exactly what they are looking for but may sometimes opt for more intuitive choices.

Is it really possible to create something new in the field of typeface design?
It’s true, there are already a lot of typefaces available. But designers manage to create something new while being inspired by ancient forms. There are so many possibilities, there is so much left to explore! The typographic landscape that many describe as saturated forces designers to propose coherent projects with strong identities.

How do you begin work on a new typeface? Do you have a particular process?
In recent years I have been working essentially on revivals. The difference between the very precise trace of ink left by lead characters on vectorial drawing paper implies a complete deconstruction of the typeface in order to extract its essence. So it is essential for me to always see the printed version of my typeface, and to correct it by hand. I also try to consider all of the possible solutions, without modifying the original idea. For the Salmanazar typeface, the question of making it smoother was at the core of my process. I worked on a lot of versions before returning to my initial drawings. Ultimately, I chose to leave it with quite a rough appearance, with all of its imperfections and subtleties so that it could retain its quite sculpted appearance, and so that it would have a “taste”, a tone of grey different to what one usually finds.

What is your relationship with the history of typography? What is your relationship with technology?
Typography has its tradition, and always refers to a period of history. I believe that it is important to be aware of the context in which a typeface is created, to understand its origins and to attempt to know where its proportions come from, to understand the intentions behind it, etc. When one starts with an older model, one can find a wealth of information that will allow one to make one’s own interpretation. One discovers a multitude of subtleties that one might choose to emphasize, or not.
Digital tools are like any other tool. They allow for easy deconstruction and reconstruction, for the creation of variations – thanks to interpolations for example – to understand the impact of what one wishes to infuse them with. Today it is possible to “quickly” develop large families, even if I do think that it is more interesting to design and draw each style.

Why have you chosen to distribute your characters and typefaces with 205TF?
The Salmanazar typeface possesses a very strong identity. I don’t think that it would be at home in every kind of foundry. 205TF brings together independent designers with very different practices, but at the same time it continues to be a small foundry with a very precise selection. I think that Salmanazar really suits the catalogue. I would even go so far as to say that the project has been inspired by a French historical model and that I am really quite happy that it is distributed in France.

Do you think that typography can save the world?
I’m probably going to disappoint you here. I’m sure of it. But I will say that it enables communication, and that’s already pretty good!

Do you teach? If so, where, and why does this role of transmission seem important to you?
After my Master, the ECAL gave me the opportunity to do a six month residency in Hong Kong, where I gave conferences, organized workshops and worked with students in a design school. It was a very rich experience which allowed me to broaden my vision and to experience a new way of doing things, through the prism of the culture and heritage of a country. In addition to being very stimulating, it was a real challenge to teach as I had barely left school. I returned to France recently, and am certainly not objective enough, but what I can say is that sharing my experience and knowledge over there was a real pleasure.

What type design project are you currently working on?
I’m currently working on a customized version of a typeface for an Italian magazine that I started while still a student. Also I’ve taken charge of the development of an existing project. It is a little known Didot that proposes a particularly interesting version in terms of legibility.

Matthieu Cortat

1982, Delémont, Swiss

How did you get involved with typeface design? What led you to this practise?
During my studies in Visual Communication at the Ecal in Lausanne, I was introduced to typeface design by François Rappo, as well as in workshops with Norm and Underware. It was there that I was lucky enough to meet Hans-Jurg Hunziker who convinced me to persevere along this path, and who spoke to me of the Atelier National de Recherche Typographique, in Nancy, where I pursued my education. Once my studies were finished, I moved to Lyon, carrying out both my work as a typeface designer and as a mediator, then scientific advisor in the Museum of Print and Graphic Communication (Musée de l’Imprimerie et de la Communication graphique) in Lyon.

Is there something specific about your approach to typeface design?
Thanks to my work in the Museum of Print and Graphic Communication, most of my typefaces are anchored in history. This doesn't make them revivals however, as I take a lot of liberties with regard to the models from which I begin my work. Let's say that I try, for each creation, to bring a contemporary feel to an atmosphere, a style drawn from the history of Typography. Sometimes it is a matter of revisiting a classic; other times of rediscovering a lost typeface; often it is a nod to a reference.

What influences you? Are there typeface designers whose work you appreciate in particular?
I don't really have any idols. I have a certain appetite for the British (Johnston, Gill and, slightly closer to home, Paul Barnes) and the French (Mandel, Mendoza, Jou) for questions of style. When it comes to questions of finishing and a certain rigour in development however, I am firmly on the side of the Swiss, Frutiger, Miedinger, the Optimo and Lineto foundries, for example. The American and Dutch typographers are somewhat a mystery to me. I would place myself nearer to typeface designers that are “sculptors” as opposed to “calligraphers”.

If you could only choose one typeface, which one would it be?
For what use exactly? Choosing a single typeface is like choosing a single food, a single garment. The choice of a typeface depends on the context. For a body text, let's say a book, I'd lean of course towards my last born, Helvetius, that will be soon available through 205tf.

In your opinion, what is the point of creating a new typeface when so many already exist?
Ask fashion designers why they launch collections every season? Or car manufacturers why they release new models every year? Or furniture creators? Architects? Musicians?

Is it really possible to create something new in the field of type design?
No. In the sense that, a letter must, at a moment or another, be even just slightly legible. The reader must then be in a position to recognise it. And to recognise it, it has to resemble something that already exists. So then, to create something completely new, one would have to create a new writing.

How do you begin work on a new typeface? Do you have a particular process?
No, not really. It could be a question of historical models, intentionally badly scanned so that I can leave a lot of room for interpretation. Or, in the case of a commissioned typeface, a sketch provided by a graphic designer. More often than not, I scribble a few far from perfect sketches to clarify what I am looking for, and then design directly on a computer.

What is your relationship with the history of typography? What is your relationship with technology?
I've already spoken about my relationship with history. I'm up to my neck in it. I know too much to just naively create fonts and imagine that they are revolutionary; and not enough to not get excited when I come across a specimen that I've never seen before.

Why have you chosen to distribute your characters and typefaces with 205TF?
Beyond the shared infrastructure that allows a greater functionality that would be complicated to put in place for an isolated designer, there is the choice of the catalogue: few typefaces, but well chosen, with high standards, designs, spacings and kernings all being verified by a number of people.
While the “great foundries” have catalogues that seem to go on forever, and look like supermarkets, 205TF is a gourmet food store: a more refined choice, and filled with quality.

Do you think that typography can save the world?
Let's not put that much weight on the shoulders of typography.

You teach at the ecal. Why does this role of transmission seem important to you?
What typeface designer doesn't want to see the general level of publications (on paper or screen) improved? And for that, people need to be trained, they need to have their minds opened and their vision educated. This requires time, patience and energy. Like all things that are worth doing.

What type design project are you currently working on?
I have never really been satisfied with the Gill and its different digital adaptations: too thin, too marked by their era; and, in general, by the humanistic lineals that are often too mannered. So I am working on a character in this style, with a very strong “bold” and sober italics.

Thierry Fétiveau

1987, La Roche-sur-Yon, France

How did you get involved with typeface design? What led you to this practice?
I have been interested in calligraphy for a very long time, and practice it as an amateur. I began studying graphic design in Nantes where I had the opportunity to see the exhibition by the Type Directors Club and to attend the conferences that accompanied the event. I found Jean-François Porchez’s conference particularly striking as, at the time, I wasn’t really aware how important typography and the profession of type designer was. You could call it love at first sight really. In my final year, I did an internship with Typofonderie and my degree project was the creation of the Andersen typeface. This allowed me to combine my interest for typography, and my relationship with reading and teaching that I had experimented with as a primary school teacher. The project was quite well received, and led to me studying in the post graduate program, “Typographie et langage” at the ESAD in Amiens. I developed the Latin/Arabic typeface, Batutah.
Following that I worked as a freelance designer for a while and then in Lille with Ateliers 59, a studio that specializes in visual identity and signage. Currently, I live in Nantes where I work with the Collectif Sans Sherif as a freelance type designer and teacher.

What influences you? Are there typeface designers whose work you appreciate in particular?
Many things inspire me. I follow the work of contemporary graphic designers like Kris Sowersby, Underware, Nikola Djurek, Kristyan Sarkis... I’m also have a strong interest for historical sources: specimens, posters, magazines… I’m interested in vernacular lettering, which I also collect. I always try to have one foot in the past and the other in the present.

In your opinion, what is the point of creating a new typeface when so many already exist?
This questions comes up regularly with the people that I bump into who don’t work in the creative fields. I often answer with a different question: “Why create new clothes, new cars, new music?” For the same reasons: because people’s tastes evolve over time, according to geographical locations and trends. Software and Opentype code allow us to do things that were previously impossible, such as the principle of interpolation. New needs also arise and new uses appear. There is also the development of systems of writing other than Latin, such as Cyrillic, Arabic and Hebrew and Devanagari which all possess great potential.

Is it really possible to create something new in the field of typeface design?
If that wasn’t the case I wouldn’t be involved in this profession! Yes, it is possible to create new typographic forms. Indeed this is where the interest of the profession lies: managing to create new forms while at the same time taking into account a certain tradition, proportions, reading habits and the presence of typefaces which already possess striking and innovative qualities.

How do you begin work on a new typeface? Do you have a particular process?
When I start designing a new typeface – whether it be a “retail” project, or even a “custom” one – I set out a brief containing the project expectations at the very start: number of thicknesses or weights, set of characters, functions, uses, styles, universes, references… The more detailed this brief is, the easier it is for me to know where I’m headed. This is followed by a phase of research with drawing and then, quite quickly, I begin using software to design a couple of glyphs. In my case I use the word “vaphosie” which doesn’t mean anything but which is useful as it provides the key characteristics which will help me to develop the rest of the alphabet. I do a number of tests, advancing in steps, and once I feel that the design is stable I develop the whole typeface.

What is your relationship with the history of typography? What is your relationship with technology?
Whether we like it or not, typography originates in a context, in a specific period and this is also the case with very contemporary typefaces. For me, the history of typography is important as it allows us to understand the origin of the forms, and it is also a huge source of inspiration. It is also difficult to avoid technology that allows one to work in a more rapid and efficient way. The technological aspect of our professions develops quickly. This is one aspect of the profession which stimulates me.

Why have you chosen to distribute your characters and typefaces with 205TF?
I have followed the evolution of 205TF since its creation and was already well aware of the work of Bureau 205 and their strong interest for typography. I was already convinced of the high quality and serious nature of the project. My first typeface, Lewis is distributed on Myfonts who are simply distributors. I was looking for a structure which chose quality typefaces and which worked closely with creators. 205TF is a great fit.

Do you think that typography can save the world?
Absolutely! As a wise man once said: no typography, no salvation! On a more serious note, while it may not save the world, typography can, at its level, attempt to improve things a little. For example, the Balkan Sans typeface is composed on two levels, an upper one and a lower one, simultaneously presenting Latin and Cyrillic letters in an attempt to reconcile a Serbian population that has diverse influences running through it. Eco-font consumes less ink thanks to the empty areas inside the lines of the letters. The Homeless project fonts propose typefaces that are inspired by writing done by homeless people, and the proceeds from the sale of this typeface go to an association which works with homeless people. Beyond these projects, the development of typefaces or systems of writing that are in the danger of disappearing seems of primary importance to me as this helps the survival and transmission of languages.

Do you teach? If so, where, and why does this role of transmission seem important to you?
I work in the ECV Nantes and at E-Art Sup Nantes. In addition to that, I animate workshops and conferences. This role of transmission seems important to me as typography is a discipline that students – and thus future professionals – will be faced with on a daily basis whether it be for print of digital media. I try to pass on to students not only my know-how in relation to typeface design but also my knowledge of other subjects like the Opentype functions or how user licenses for typefaces function for example.

What type design project are you currently working on?
I’m currently working on a number of projects: the development of the Latin/Arabic typeface Batutah that I created when I was a student, the development of a lineal in a number of thicknesses for the Latin and the Cyrillic and finally a commission for a festival: a titling typeface inspired by the Art Deco movement.

Roxane Gataud

1991, France

How did you get involved with typeface design? What led you to this practice?
I passed my baccalaureate in Applied Arts in 2008 before studying Graphic Design at the École Estienne. It was later while I was studying at the École supérieure des Arts appliqués de Bourgogne (ESAAB), in Nevers that something clicked for me with typeface design. Up until that point I took real pleasure in using typefaces but had never felt the need to design one myself. For my degree I knew exactly what kind of typeface I wanted to work with, but it was impossible to find something that suited me in the meagre library of typefaces in my possession at the time. This drove me to study typeface design! So I joined the “Typographie & Langage” post graduate programme in the École supérieure d'Art et Design (Ésad) in Amiens, where I had previously graduated with honours, in February of 2014. I designed the Bely, my first original typeface that is currently distributed by TypeTogether.

Since then I have lived and worked in Paris as an independent Type Designer. In 2016 I received the Catalyst Award, given by the American association SOTA, that each year awards a young designer with a promising future for their accomplishments in the field of Typography. I have worked with different international and French foundries and I am currently actively working with 205TF. When I am not helping other designers, I work on my own creations.

Is there something specific about your approach to typeface design?
I became interested in Typography as the result of a graphic design need. The question of the use of the characters that I design is thus fundamental in my practice. I leave a lot of room for formal experimentation and experimentation. This is often the pretext for the development of a new project. In reality, I've only been designing typefaces for a short time and still consider myself a beginner. The multitude of styles that I haven't explored yet are like new playgrounds to me. I still haven't found one particular approach!

What influences you? Are there typeface designers whose work you appreciate in particular?
There are so many things that inspire me and that influence my work. I was lucky enough to collaborate with different designers, and each of their unique practices have enriched my practice and allowed me to develop my own way of working. A lecture, an exchange or even a type specimen from the beginning of the century can be of great inspiration to me. I nonetheless admit to being very sensitive to the typographic creations of designers that also have a Graphic Design practice, such as Gareth Hague or Radim Pesko, to name only two.

If you could only choose one typeface, which one would it be?
That's such a difficult question! Probably the Times, so that I could continue to read books without destroying my retina.

Is it really possible to create something new in the field of type design?
There's so much left to explore! There's a lot of room to invent new forms and new families.

How do you begin work on a new typeface? Do you have a particular process?
A lot of my work is based on intuition. I quickly draw my ideas on paper. Sketches are for me a way of quickly creating the basis for a new idea. Nevertheless, my sketches are not at all refined! It's more a matter of structures and diagrams. I move on quickly from vectorial drawings and try to make all of this “work”. Then there is a lot of back and forth between screen and paper. The documenting stage comes before or after, depending on the projects.

What is your relationship with the history of typography? What is your relationship with technology?
The two are inseparable. Good knowledge of both domains seems important to me in the understanding and production of contemporary characters.

Do you think that typography can save the world?
If only...

What type design project are you currently working on?
I really have too many ongoing projects. Hopefully I'll be able to find enough time to push these experiments towards more defined families of characters and characters that will be available shortly!

Damien Gautier

1971, Beaune, France

How did you get involved with typeface design? What led you to this practise?
I fell into typography when I was already grown up, having finished some training in the field of science, a little by accident, by love... I studied in the typeface creation studio in the Estienne school, run by Franck Jalleau and Michel Derre among others.

What influences you? Are there typeface designers whose work you appreciate in particular?
I like to take characters that have been drawn or designed by non-specialists as a source of inspiration. I pay particular attention to vernacular typographic signs that we all come across daily but don't really take in on any conscious level. They are often awkward, but can sometimes display real ingenuity.
Gerard Unger's characters were a real revelation for me when I began. With the Swift I discovered a design driven by an approach that allowed one to achieve radical characters, rid of any useless frills. With his other characters, I realised that history and contemporary creation could go hand in hand

In your opinion, what is the point of creating a new typeface when so many already exist?
I'll answer your question with one of my own! What is the point of a designer creating another model of chair? It will have a seat, four legs and a back like every other chair before it, and yet it is hard for you to imagine having four chairs in your dining room that clash with the rest of your home.
It is exactly the same thing when it comes to typeface design. Sometimes you feel the need for a specific character that is perfectly adapted to your needs or desires! So you design and draw it!

Is it really possible to create something new in the field of type design?
I never think in those terms when I draw and design a character. I draw the character that I need in my role as a Graphic Designer. Then, I imagine that if I find it suitable (because I always use my typefaces before making them commercially available), it could also be of interest to other designers.

How do you begin work on a new typeface? Do you have a particular process?
That depends. Sometimes I start work on a new typeface because I need it for a specific project. Its design is then driven by the use that will be made of it. I work constantly until I can make the first tests and then verify the result. I rework the design until I obtain a result that satisfies me. At other times, I feel the need to start a new project having discovered a typographic sign that inspires me and gives me a glimpse of a potentially interesting character.
At that moment, I draw my first signs. I look for a logic of forms and I am attentive to each sign. I often need time to do this and come back to the work at different moments. So, with that in mind, I am usually working on a number of characters at the same time. Sometimes I give up. However, once I am convinced by my design of the letter a, nothing can stop me!

What is your relationship with the history of typography? What is your relationship with technology?
History and technology are inseparable. Though the creation of a digital typeface is currently quite a technical endeavour, typeface design can not be done without a careful look at earlier forms. Typeface design is far from being the simple result of a technical process. It must be inspired!

Why have you chosen to distribute your characters and typefaces with 205TF?
Because I absolutely believe in the efficiency of a stringent distribution and prefer that my typefaces be part of a thoughtful selection rather than finding themselves lost among thousands of other typefaces.

Do you think that typography can save the world?
If we consider that typography is people speaking, exchanging and working together, then yes I dream that it can at the very least make the world a better place.

You teach at l'école des Beaux-Arts de Lyon. Why does this role of transmission seem important to you?
The apprenticeship of type design has brought me a lot in terms of my practise as a designer. I like the idea that the time dedicated to teaching can help students in their future practise by giving them a greater visual acuity with regard to the forms that they are handling. Also, teaching, allows one to move away from the commission/ project rhythm, and to step back from a pace that can sometimes be alienating, while discovering emerging personalities and universes in the process of becoming, and by helping them to structure their projects.

What type design project are you currently working on?
I really like long projects! So I have been working with the Plaak typeface, adding lower case letters to it. With its 24 styles I have my work cut out for me! I am also continuing my thinking on the numerous family of Maax. After the Maax, Maax Mono and Maax Rounded, soon the Maax Raw, a raw lineal in three styles.

Thomas Huot-Marchand

1977, Dôle, France

How did you get involved with typeface design? What led you to this practise?
I was a student at the School of Fine Arts of Besançon, where I discovered typography. I was self taught when it came to typeface design, using Fontographer, I threw myself into the design of Garaje, a typeface that I presented for my Fine Arts diploma. At that time it was a family of twenty or so fonts, that nourished my thinking around the geometrisation of the typographic sign, in vernacular inscriptions and in the European avant-gardes. Just after that I entered the ANRT, in 2001 – 2002, where I could dive fully into typeface design, by drawing and designing the lowercase M, a character for very small type sizes.

Is there something specific about your approach to typeface design?
A number of things are very important to me. To never move too far away from Graphic Design and to never lose sight of the way that typefaces are used: my activity as a designer provides me with a lot of pretexts to create characters, whether I am requested to do so or not. It is a way for me to appropriate the commission, and to add an element of typographic investigation to it.
As to the design itself, there are probably forms that we find from one character to another: nonetheless, I enjoy trying a new ways of designing for each character: not only another formal register, but testing another process. This is what stimulates me most.

What are your influences? The references and typeface designers whose work you particularly appreciate?
Graphic Designers have certainly marked me the most (like Experimental Jetset, Norm); when it comes to typeface designers, I admire the variety of drawings and designs of Carter or Frutiger, and the creations of Henrik Kuebel, for example.

If you had to choose only one typeface, which one would it be?
That's an extremely difficult question, and life would be incredibly sad with only one single typeface. If I had to give an answer I'd go with Akzidenz Grotesk Bold, old school.

In your opinion, what is the point of creating a new typeface when so many already exist?
Do we ask this question when speaking of painting or photography? There are indeed quite a few in existence, but I don't believe that any limit exists.

Is it really possible to create something new in the field of type design?
Of course, there are so many things to explore, everywhere: in history, technology, the writings of the world...

How do you begin work on a new typeface? Do you have a particular process?
I try to avoid following the same recipe each time, and adapt my methodology to the character that I intend to develop.

What is your relationship with the history of typography? What is your relationship with technology?
I am nourished, like most of us, by historical forms, but I try not to dive too deeply into them as it can very quickly have a paralysing effect. To quote Carter, I try to look at history for what it can nourish in the present and not for nostalgic reasons. As for technology, I am very interested in it: excellent tools are available to us today, and we have a relatively unprecedented capacity to adapt those tools to our needs. I am not a beast when it comes to development, far from it, but the whole field interests me greatly. Here too, as with history, we have to be careful not to confuse the means with the ends.

Why have you chosen to distribute your characters and typefaces with 205TF?
I have always worked independently, and even if I had been in possession of a foundry since 2007, the distribution of my characters has never been of interest to me, and I have no time to take care of it anyway. My friendship with the people behind the project, and the format that 205TF proposes suits me perfectly, I didn't hesitate for a second.

Do you think that typography can save the world?
Absolutely.

You teach at l'ANRT (Atelier national de recherche typographique, Nancy). Why does this role of transmission seem important to you?
I have always been a full time teacher, and I find it very important for my own equilibrium. I like interacting with students, working with my colleagues, organising things and doing research. These different activities (type design, Graphic Design, teaching) complement and nourish one another and I find this very stimulating.

What type design project are you currently working on?
A custom typeface for a huge hotel in Las Vegas that was commissioned by an agency. Class, American style! Its a glyphic serif; I've never designed one before and it's been very pleasant so far.

Yoann Minet

1988, Tulle, France

How did you get involved with typeface design? What led you to this practice?
I designed a typeface for the first time in 2010, during an exchange with the University of Laval in Quebec. My timetable gave me the time to develop a project under the watchful eye of René Lemieux, Director of the Graphic Communication programme. Then, to quickly summarise my path, I studied at the École de communication visuelle of Bordeaux, then at the Typographic creation studio in the École Estienne; I worked at the Typography Cabinet with Ludovic Balland; in the Production Type foundry, founded by Jean-Baptiste Levée; then finally in 2015, I created a Graphic Design studio, Bureau Brut, with Julia Joffre and Camille Prandi. I also think that certain encounters have been very important in my training, I'm thinking of Hugo Anglade, Nicolas Oulès, Simon Masse and many others.

Is there something specific about your approach to typeface design?
I am not totally convinced that there is, because I don't have only one approach. Effectively, my approach varies according to the projects, the commissions, or just because I saw something in a street one morning. I think that the best way to renew one's practice is not to restrict oneself to a type of form or indeed to search for the perfect form. I consider that a drawing or design done at a particular moment represents that moment, and if I work on it again a month later I'll end up taking it in a different direction. This allows me to have an open mind with regard to my approach to typeface design.

What influences you? Are there typeface designers whose work you appreciate in particular?
The very first book that helped me to discover Typography was Fonts & Logo by Doyald Young. The author analyses the Sabon, a typeface that has remained one of my references for a very long time. The work of Roger Excoffon and the Olive foundry constantly comes to mind, I feel very close to his approach and his forms. But I also think that for me the most important influences come from encounters.

If you could only choose one typeface, which one would it be?
Such a choice seems impossible to me, a typeface in itself is not a big deal, it is the use that turns it into a finished object. But, if I absolutely had to choose, I would take the Vendôme from the Olive foundry because it continues to delight me, in its design, its details, its grey, its rhythm.

Is it really possible to create something new in the field of type design?
Typography is a game with rules and conventions. There is no absolute form, only canons established over time and the importance of their uses. As a designer I always try to position myself with regard to these conventions and these canons, to upset them, to go beyond them and to develop them.

How do you begin work on a new typeface? Do you have a particular process?
One must really find the “right music”. Afterwards I draw without references, without models because I prefer to trust what I have in mind, the forms that I have remembered. I only document my work once the project has been started. This allows me to analyse and understand what is intuitive and what is referring to something else.

What is your relationship with the history of typography? What is your relationship with
technology?
I think that it is important to know the major events in the history of typography to be able to understand certain forms and certain movements, but I am not a specialist or historian. I am closer to the amateur, the observer. It is also important to master one's tool (drawing) to avoid being “dominated” by it.

Nonetheless, I pay very close attention so that history and technology don't become a vector for creation as such. The technical challenge can be stimulating and attractive but it shouldn't overpower the design itself. In other words I attempt to be as accurate as possible with regard to commissions or particular uses.

Why have you chosen to distribute your characters and typefaces with 205TF?
The quality of the publications made by bureau 205 can only be a sign of good things to come for 205TF. I am certain that my typefaces are in good hands. What's more, there is an important panel of creators that are embarking on this adventure, and so it is an honour for me to count myself among this gathering of French contemporary creators.

Do you think that typography can save the world?
In as much that music can't save the world but can make it less grim.

Alice Savoie

France

How did you get involved with typeface design? What led you to this practise?
After a Baccalaureate in Applied Arts in Tours, in the Centre region of France, followed by a BTS in visual communication at the Ésaa Duperré, my initiation to typography really began during the time of my DSAA in Typographical Creation at the École Estienne. There I learned the basics in typeface design with Franck Jalleau, Michel Derre, Margaret Gray... Previously I had been lucky enough to meet teachers who were passionate about typography, like Hervé Aracil at Duperré, who had already transmitted their enthusiasm for the subject to me.
I then continued my education in England, pursuing the Master Typeface Design curriculum at the University of Reading, graduating from there in 2007. I then worked as a Typeface Designer for the Monotype company for a number of years before beginning my independent activity in 2010. I also embarked on historical research with the goal of pursuing a doctorate in the History of Typography – also at the University of Reading – that I completed in 2014.

What influences you? Are there typeface designers whose work you appreciate in particular?
My influences are quite diverse. I like to draw on historical sources (with a particular preference for type specimens from French foundries at the end of the 19th century). I am instinctively attracted to typefaces that tell a story, that create a unique vibration and that don't leave the reader indifferent. Cyrus Highsmith, Laura Meseguer, Alejandro Lo Celso and Frantisek Storm are among the contemporary typeface designers that I admire for example. They have the common trait of developing a singular typographic writing, each one in a very different style but always with great formal mastery.

In your opinion, what is the point of creating a new typeface when so many already exist?
Typeface creators often use the analogy of the chair or the garment to justify the fact of designing new typefaces: there are already many models in existence, sometimes classic, sometimes fashionable, functional or ornamental, archetypal or unique... But as design objects, it is always necessary to renew existing forms so as to best respond to the needs and spirit of a time. Moving beyond this analogy it is important to signal/ highlight that typefaces are elementary / fundamental tools for communication and in this they have to respond to technical and cultural imperatives that are constantly evolving. It is therefore up to the type designer to well/ better understand these evolutions to be in a position to propose pertinent and functional typographical tools to his or her contemporaries.

How do you begin work on a new typeface? Do you have a particular process?
Generally the process is linked to the nature of the project. I deal with my typographic creations very differently according to whether it is a question of a third party commission or personal project. A lot of my personal projects have the common feature of finding their source either in historical forms, or in handwriting. I generally have a need to appropriate these forms and to bring them to maturity through drawing by hand, though digitization does arrive very early on in my process. They both nourish each other in parallel. I generally work on the development of “the DNA” of a typographic project by developing a restricted set of a few letters, I explore different leads before settling on the most convincing one to then extend my set of letters.

What is your relationship with the history of typography? What is your relationship with technology?
Having embarked on a PhD in the history of typography with a subject that takes a very close interest in the development of 20th century typesetting technologies, it is difficult for me to pretend that these themes are not at the heart of my preoccupations! Understanding where these forms and the typographical tools that we manipulate come from is for me an essential element in my type design practice. This has allowed me to develop a critical point of view regarding the design processes that we put into place. It is not a matter of a logic of “recycling” of typographical forms, but rather to put different eras into perspective so as to better understand the context in which we practice our trade today.

Do you think that typography can save the world?
Typography remains an essential tool for communication and the circulation of knowledge, and in this it seems that it has an important role to play in our societies. It may not save the world, but it can certainly allow the world to communicate more easily. Projects such as Noto, run by Google or “Missing Scripts” that we are developing at the ANRT in partnership with the Universities of Mainz and Berkeley are moving in that direction. This seems to me to be a great start!

You teach at Atelier national de recherche typographique and école des Beaux-Arts de Lyon. Why does this role of transmission seem important to you?
Art schools provide an extremely rich and stimulating environment. The students arrive with their personalities, their intuitions, their curiosity and their experiences, and it gives me great pleasure to exchange with them. I think that my idea of teaching becomes tangible more-so in the exchanges rather than in transmission as such, even though, of course, I do accompany the students, sometimes guiding them and sharing my experience and my skills with them, particularly in typeface design.
The ANRT is a particular case as we have been developing a number of research projects in typography in partnership with laboratories that operate in very different fields such as linguistics, computer sciences, egyptology.. These projects have a prospective dimension and lead us to answering questions that we haven't necessarily been faced with before now, and to developing specific ways of working. This research dimension implies that we are all constantly learning, whether speaking of our students or the teaching staff. It is a privileged work environment for the researcher and typeface designer that I am.

What type design project are you currently working on?
I am currently working on two typefaces that I hope to publish soon through 205.tf. At the same time I am collaborating with an American foundry in the creation of a Greek counterpart to one of their emblematic families. I am also delighted to be the most recent winner of a typeface commission by the Centre National des Arts Plastiques and the Imprimerie nationale. It is an ambitious project that we intend to publish in Autumn of 2017. So I have more than enough to keep me busy for the next few months!